完形填空题型难点和易错点总结解析 对完形填空题型有以下规定:考生必须通篇考虑,掌握大意,综合运用所学的词汇和语法等知识,选择最佳答案。难度变化总地来说,有以下两个特点。 (一)单纯的语法知识、固定搭配、惯用法、常用句型、词语辨异等趋于淡化。 下面仅以词语辨异为例总结如下: 1. night/evening night指the time of darkness between evening and morning;而evening 指the time between sunset and bedtime. 2. know/learn/notice know知道;熟悉 learn听说;认识到;了解notice 注意到 3. sound/cry/voice/shout/noise sound泛指各种声音 cry,voice,shout一般都指人的声音 noise指噪音 4. take place 预料中的发生;happen意料外的发生;occur 两者兼有 What happened to(became of)you?你发生了什么事? 5. anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervous anxious渴望的(eager);担心的(worried)hurried匆忙的nervous 神经紧张的 6. admire/enjoyadmire oneself自我欣赏 enjoy oneself玩得高兴 7. fun/joke/trick fun和joke都有开玩笑之意,fun不可数,joke是可数名词、前面要加不定冠词 a play /a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑;a practical joke=a trick恶作剧;play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人。 8. wonder/imagine/notice/examine wonder想知道;imagine想象; notice 注意到; examine 考查 9. way/means/method means[常用作单]方法;手段,工具; a means to an end达到目的方法;method方法、办法,与way 可以替换使用。 10. path/road/way path 小路;人行道 road公路 way 道路 the way to the station 11. idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tip idea 主意;意见 opinion 意见;见解 suggestion可数 advice不可数 tip n.告诫,提示;劝告 12. examine/check/search examine 检查;诊察;审查,目的在于想了解有关的情况;check核实,检查,目的在于判断正误或是否正常;search搜查 13. usual/spare修饰 usual惯常的,平常的 spare空闲的(free) 14. instead/however都作副词时 instead"而是"含有某种对比,however"可是""仍然"含有"转折""让步"的意思。 15. lost/missing/gone都可表示"丢失""不见了" lost可作定语;用被动语态;missing和gone一般作表语 16. pour/drop pour倒,灌;drop 使滴下,使落下 17. admire/inspire/support admire钦佩 inspire鼓舞 support 支持 18. courage/spirit/strength courage勇气 spirit 精神 strength力气 19. journey/travel/trip journey长途旅行 travel广义的旅行 trip旅行(一次来回)a round trip 20. common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normal common 公用的;普通的 ordinary普通的;平凡的 usual 平常的;惯常的(as usual)average平均的;普通的;平常的(an article of averagequality 普通产品) regular固定的;有规律的(the regular people生活有规律的人)normal 正常的(return to normal恢复正常) 21. develop/become develop vt.养成;形成(form) become 变成(grow, turn, get等)连系动词 22. cheat/lie cheat作弊 lie 说谎 23. small change零钱 extra change 多给的零钱 24. walk/step/march walk走、步行 step 跨,踏 march(齐步)前进、行进、行军、游行 25. out of step步调不一致 out of order不整齐,出故障 26. out of sight, out of mind(谚语)眼不见,心不想 27. suffering 苦难 trouble麻烦 difficulty困难 danger危险 28. remain/last remain 保持,仍然系动词 last 延续,持续 29. disturb/bother/trouble/interrupt bother one's head(或brains)about … 为……费脑筋 what troubles me most is… 使我极不安的是…… disturb 打扰,扰乱,妨碍 interrupt 打断,打扰 Don't bother to care about others' matter.不要费心去管别人的事。 30. possible 可能的 probable 较可能的 likely 很有可能的 31. exercise 锻炼;练习 practice练习训练(业余的)training训练(专业性强) (二)灵活的词汇意义以及上下文乃至全篇文章内容的理解等更加强化。 下面仅以一些常用词在具体的上下文语境中的词义变化为例: 1. opposite the window 2. sit still(still a.静止的,静寂的adv.静止地) the still smoking pistol 3. over one's shoulder 4. send children to bed(打发)孩子们上床睡觉 5. have(play, act)a part参与……;起……作用 6. miss one's part miss a step(miss v.错过;失去) 7. The medicine didn't work(work v.(使)工作;(使)运转;起作用) 8. make(the)tea 沏茶,泡茶 9. go to one's place(固定或指定的)位置,座位,席位 10. None of your excuse! =Don't give me your excuse! 11. speak for oneself=in one's personal opinion 12. pick up sb 接某人;give sb. a lift用车接某人 13. look out for 注意 14. be meant for=be intended for 打算使……成为 15. papers 报纸;试卷;论文;文件;契约;借据等 16. stand n.货摊 vt.容忍,忍受(bear=put up with) 17. button(扣住)one's coat=do up(束起,收拾齐整,包好)the buttons of one's coat 18. get a very good idea of=be familiar with… 19. call up=remind sb. of… 20. share many experience=have many experience in common 21. in this respect(way) 22. introduce sb. to sth. 把某事介绍给某人 23. explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 24. help oneself to 擅自带走;自用 25. It won't hurt to take an umbrella with you.带把伞去总没有坏处。 26. pick up (1)He slipped and fell, but quicklypicked himself up.(跌倒后)使(自己)爬起。 (2)pick up a wallet拾起,捡起 (3)pick up some knowledge of physics(偶然地,无意地)获得(收益、生计、知识、消息)等 (4)pick up a foreign language(未经听课等)学会外语 (5)pick up a girl(非经正式介绍)随便地结识(常指异性) (6)pick up the programme(依靠探照灯、雷达等)测知看到(在无线电里)听到 (7)pick up passengers(goods)(车辆等)中途搭(人)中途带(货) (8)pick up one's courage (恢复精神;恢复健康)He is beginning to pickup. (9)The train picked up speed. 加速 (10)pick up a room 收拾,整理 (11)pick up a criminal 逮住(罪犯) (12)pick up the subject 重提(话题) 总之,做完形填空题,了其大意,先易后难,瞻前顾后,通过直接暗示、间接暗示,前、后暗示,层次、段落暗示,逻辑、推断暗示做题是非常关键的。当然,更重要的是扩大阅读面,增加阅读量,积累语言经验,培养语感能力。望大家反复认真阅读,对提高解答完形填空的能力大有裨益。 |
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